Delhi Development Authority v. Shilpa Co-operative Group Housing Society Ltd. Etc.

p HAN SA RIA, J. Leave granted. 2. The short point which needs determination in these appeals is : How much of the earnest money deposited by the respondents should be allowed to be forfeited by the appellant ? The deposil had connection with the allotment of land made in favour of the respondents by the appellant, G whiCh proposal did not ultimately come through because of the escalation of premium, for which reasons the allottees refused to accept the allotment, resulting in cancellation of the same. 3. This Court had occasion to examine this very question in Delhi Development Authority v. Glihsthapana Co-operative Group Housing Society . H Ltd., JT (1995) 2 SC 530. It is by referring to this decision that the High -. \ _J D.D.A.v. SHLPACO-OP. GROUP HSG.SOCY. LID. [HANSARIA,J.)1121 Court, in the impugned judgment, has held that the appellant could have A - forfeited a sum of Rs. 5 Lacs only. The appellant's case is that the facts in Grihsthapana's case were different; and so, what was decided therein is not applicable. The respondent's stand on the other hand is that their cases are covered by the aforesaid decision. 4. Shri J aitley, appearing for the appellant, has contended that the B distinction lies in the fact that in Grihsthapana's case, the co-operative society had not made any deposit after 10.5.1993 which is the date on which .. this Court had disposed of the Special Leave Petitions filed by Green Valley Co-operative Group Housing Society making a grievance about escalation of the rate of premium. By that order this Court has only c extended the time to pay instalments at. the escalated rate upto 31 May, 1993 without interest, and thereafter with interest upto 31.7.1993. It is an admitted position that the respondents in the present appeals had paid further sum of money after the order of this Court dated 10.5.1993, which fact was missing in the earlier case. 5. Shri Bhattacharjee, appearing for the respondents in appeals arising out of SLP(C) Nos. 24713 & 24721 of 1995, has urged that the fact of deposit after 10.5.1993 can not make the ratio in Grihsthapane's case inapplicable. We are afraid, we cannot agree because the decision in that case was based on the fact that there was no acceptance of the offer given E by the appellant on 3.11.1992 at the enhanced premium, whereas the deposits made in cases at hand after the order of 10.5.1993 clearly shows that the offer of 3.11.1992 was accepted. The submission on behalf of the respondent in appeal relatable to SLP(C) No. 415/96 that the membership of the co-operative society was reduced to 76, as against 135, and so, the F deposit made subsequent to 10.5.1993 should not be taken to be a deposit on behalf of all the members, cannot be accepted to have made any difference because when the deposit was made on 31.5.1993 it was on .... behalf of 135 members . 6. Shri Bhattacharjee was at pains in submitting that though the facts G of G1ihsthapana's case were not on all fours with the cases at hand. Civil Appeal No. 930/95 relatable to Ahluwalia Co-operative Group Housing Society Limited, which was one of the appeals in the batch disposed of by - the aforesaid judgment, was one in which some deposit had made after 10.5.1993; and so, what was decided in Ahluwalia's appeal would, in any H ~ 1122 SUPREME COURT REPORTS J [1996] 2 S.C.R. ~ A case, be applicable. As to this, Shri Jaitley has contended that when the earlier civil appeals were taken up in batch, the facts of Ahluwalia were not specifically brought to the notice of the Court; and it is because of this that benefit of what was decided in the facts of G1ihsthapana was made available to Ahluwalia. As the decision in that case is based on the facts B of Grihsthapana's case, we find no difficulty in stating that the benefit which had come to be made available to Ahluwalia was inadvertent and cannot be extended to the respondents herein. 7. The aforesaid shows that the ratio in Grihsthapana case cannot apply and it would have been permissible for the appellant to forfeit the C entire earnest money due from the respondents in view of the law laid down in G1ihsthapana case. If we were to allow the appellant to do so, we find that the amount becoming liable to be forfeited would be on very high side inasmuch as in the case of Shilpa Co-operative - respondent in appeal arising out of SLP(C) No. 24713/95 - this amount would be in a neighbour­ hood of Rs. 22 lacs, even if we were to reckon the amount of earnest money D which had been actually deposited, and not what was required to be deposited. We would think that keeping in view the many rounds of litigation and the hardship which would be caused to the respondents, Justice demands that we may not burden the respondents with huge sums in this regard. Shri J aitley has urged that the appellant is at no fault and E indeed it has suffered because of lapse of the respondents, being required to pay interest on the amount taken on loan by it; and so, if we were to give some relief to the respondents, the hardship of the appellant may also be borne in mind. 8. Having considered the cases of both the sides and the facts and circumstances of the appeals at hand, we are of the view that 50 per cent of the amount which had otherwise become due to the appellant should be allowed to be forfeited. We make it clear that 50 per cent would be calculated, not on the total amount which these respondents were required to deposit pursuant to the allotment order of 3.11.1992, but on the com­ ponent of the earnest money out of actual total deposit. The appellant G would refund the remaining amount to the respondents within a period of six weeks from today, failing which the respondents would be entitled to interest @ 18% per annum from today till payment. 9. The appeals are allowed accordingly. No order as to costs. T.N.A. Appeals allowed. -· .....