Jai Balaji Industries Limited v. State Bank of India & Ors.

N.V. RAMANA, J. 1. This appeal is directed against order dated 08.02.2019, passed by the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal, New Delhi [“the NCLA T”], in Company Appeal (A T) (Insolvency) No.788 of 2018, whereby the order of the National Company Law Tribunal, Calcutta [“the NCL T”] dated 10.10.2018 was set aside and the NCLT was directed to admit the application filed by respondent no.1 against the appellant under Section 7, IBC. 2. Aggrieved by the said order , the appellant has preferred the instant appeal. 3. Mr. Kapil Sibal, learned senior counsel appearing on behalf of the appellant, assiduously ur ged that the appellant’ s right to be heard, audi alteram partem, one of the principles of natural justice, has been violated in as much as the appellant has neither been served with notice of appeal before the NCLA T nor been given a hearing before it. The learned senior counsel further submitted that the impugned order passed by the NCLAT is contrary to law as it failed to comply with the procedure laid down under the NCLAT Rules, 2016 [“NCLAT Rules”], specifically Rule 48, which clearly provides that pursuant to issuance of notice by the NCLAT, the copy of the appeal and documents filed therewith, if any, shall be served along with the notice on the other side. He further submitted that though notice was directed to be issued by the NCLA T, the same was never received by the appellant herein and the NCLA T passed order without hearing the appellant, erroneously noting that it has heard all the parties. 697 4. On the other hand, Mr. Mukul Rohatgi, learned senior counsel appearing on behalf of respondent No.1, vehemently contested the above- mentioned submissions of appellant. He submitted that the advance copy of the appeal paperbook filed by respondent no.1 in NCLA T was duly delivered by post at the registered office of the appellant, wherein it showed intent to challenge the order of the NCL T. Despite this, the counsel for the appellant did not appear before the NCLAT. He referred to the proceedings before the Calcutta High Court to show that the appellant has been employing delay tactics to stall the insolvency proceedings, which assertion was denied by the learned senior counsel for the appellant. 5. Having heard the learned senior counsel for the parties, we have also perused the materials placed before us. We find that in the instant case, the NCLA T, vide order dated 02.01.2019, issued notice both on the question of limitation as well as on the merit of the appeal. Subsequently, judgment was reserved vide order dated 08.01.2019. On 08.02.2019, the judgment was pronounced noting: “ 17. For the r easons afor esaid, we set aside the impugned order dated 10th October , 2018 and r emit the matter to the Adjudicating Authority, Kolkata Bench, Kolkata with dir ection to admit the application under Section 7. Before such admission, intimation to be given to the ‘Corporate Debtor ’, but no further hearing is required to be given to any person, this Appellate Tribunal having heard all the parties and having held that it is a fit case for admission .” (emphasis supplied) 6. It is to be noted that in the rejoinder affidavit before us the appellant has submitted that, pursuant to issuance of notice vide order dated 02.01.2019, neither did respondent no. 1 file process fee for issuance of summons in terms of the said order, nor was the same served upon the appellant. Thus the judgment which was reserved on 08.01.2019 by the NCLAT, and consequently pronounced, was done without hearing the appellant and the observation of the NCLAT that all the parties were heard is erroneous. In fact, even the impugned order does not note the appearance of the counsels on behalf of appellant herein. JAI BALAJI INDUSTRIES LIMITED v . STATE BANK OF INDIA [N.V. RAMANA, J.] 7. While the respondent no. 1 has submitted that an advanced copy of the appeal was served on the appellant, the same cannot be treated as service of notice as stipulated under Rule 48 of the NCLA T Rules which, inter alia, provides: “ 48. Issue of notice- (1) Wher e notice of an appeal or petition or interlocutor y application is issued by the Appellate T ribunal, copies of the same, the affidavit in suppor t thereof and if so or dered by the Appellate T ribunal the copy of other documents filed therewith, if any , shall be ser ved along with the notice on the other side .” 8. Rule 48 of the NCLAT Rules clearly stipulates service of notice on the other side, pursuant to issuance of notice by the NCLA T in the appeal, regardless of supply of advance copy of appeal paperbook prior to the issuance of notice by NCLAT. 9. Further, Rule 52 of the NCLAT Rules categorically states that the judicial section of the registry of the NCLA T shall record, in the “Notes of the Registry” column in the order sheet, the details regarding completion of service of notice on the respondents. It notes: “ 52. Entries r egarding ser vice of notice or pr ocess.- The Judicial Section of the Registr y shall r ecord in the column in the or der sheet ‘Notes of the Registr y’, the details r egarding completion of ser vice of notice on the r espondents, such as date of issue of notice, date of ser vice, date of r eturn of notice, if unser ved, steps taken for issuing fr esh notice and date of completion of services etc .” 10. However, it is pertinent to note that the material placed before us do not indicate that the aforementioned stipulation has been complied with. As per the rejoinder affidavit filed on behalf of the appellant, the counsel for the appellant had undertaken a search of the register of process fee and summons, and the concerned file in the office of the NCLAT on 28.02.2019. However, no record of respondent no. 1 having paid the process fee for issuance and service of notice to the appellant was found. 11. Thus, in view of the above position, it is abundantly clear that no notice was served upon the appellant before the NCLAT as stipulated 699 under the rules, and the right of the appellant to be heard, audi alteram partem, has been violated [ See:Ghaziabad Development Authority v. Machhla Devi , 2018 SCC OnLine SC 2178 ]. 12. In the facts and circumstances of the case, we are of the considered opinion that the instant appeal can be disposed of by setting aside the order of NCLAT and remanding the matter back to the NCLAT for fresh consideration. Accordingly, we set aside the impugned order dated 08.02.2019 passed by the NCLAT and remand the matter back to NCLAT with a direction to dispose of the matter as expeditiously as possible after affording an opportunity of hearing to the parties. 13. The appellant and the respondents are also directed to approach the NCLAT on March 13, 2019 with a prayer for early listing of the matter. It is clarified that there is no necessity for the NCLA T to issue any fresh notice to the appellant herein. 14. Before parting with the matter, we make it clear that we have not expressed any opinion on the merits of the case. Needless to say, the NCLAT will adjudicate the matter on its own merits uninfluenced by any of the observations made hereinabove. 15. The appeal stands disposed of in the above terms. Pending applications, if any, shall also stand disposed of. No costs. Divya Pandey Appeal disposed of. JAI BALAJI INDUSTRIES LIMITED v . STATE BANK OF INDIA [N.V. RAMANA, J.]