State of Punjab and Ors. v. Charanjit Singh

The respondent herein was recruited as a Constable on the rolls of Patiala Police, Punjab. His appointing authority was superintendent of Police, Patiala. Subsequently, the respondent was promoted to the post of Head Constable. Certain Misconduct committed by the respondent in the D year 1984 came to the notice of the appellants and as a result of which the respondent was placed under suspension in view of contemplated inquiry. While the respondent was under suspension, he absented himself atleast on three occasions without any kind ofleave from the Superintendent of Police. In view of unauthorised absence, the appellants herein initiated E a departmental inquiry against the respondent. The respondent was served with a charge-sheet to which he filed a reply. In his explanation, it was stated that he had gone to attend a court case at Patiala where he had learnt that his wife was ill and, therefore, he went to his home town and in such circumstances he could not take any permission. The Inquirying Officer F after making inquiry found the charges to have been proved and he sent his report to the disciplinary authority. The disciplinary authority having agreed with the finding of the Inquirying Officer issued a show cause notice to the respondent. After considering the explanation of the respondent, the disciplinary authority by an order dated 15.4.1985 dismissed him from G service. The disciplinary authority, however, while dismissing the respondent from service held that the period of absence of respondent from duty shall be treated as leave without any pay. The respondent thereafter filed an appeal before the appellate authority which was rejected and a revision H 896 SUPREME COURT REPORTS (2003] SUPP. 3 S.C.R. A filed before the Inspector General of Police was also met with the same fate. It is under such circumstances, the respondent filed a suit for declaration that his dismissal from service is null and void. The trial court framed a large number of issues. It had decreed the suit, inter a/ia, on the B ground that the authority could have refused to grant leave of any kind to the respondent and then proceeded to punish him. It held that "Once the leave has been granted, it cannot be said that the employee had absented himself from duty and thereby made himself liable to be punished. In this way, it would appear that the period of absence of the plaintiff having been C treated as period spent on leave without pay, charge for which he was proceeded against departmentally is knocked out." In view of the aforesaid finding, the suit was decreed. Aggrieved, the appellants filed an appeal before the appellate authority, but the same was dismissed. A second appeal preferred by the appellants was also dismissed by the High Court. It is D against the said orders and judgments of the courts below, the appellants are in appeal before us. Learned counsel appearing for the appellants, inter a/ia, urged that the view taken by the courts below that since the disciplinary authority has treated the period of absence as leave without pay, therefore the misconduct E stood condoned, is patently erroneous. Learned counsel also relied upon a decision of this Court in Maan Singh v. Union of India and Ors., [2003] 3 SCC 464. Having heard the learned counsel for the respondent, we find that the argument raised by the learned counsel for the appellants has merit. F In The State of Punjab and Ors. v. Bakshish Singh, JT (1998) 7 SC 142 which was relied upon by the courts below in holding that the misconduct stood condoned, was explained in Maan Singh (supra). No law has been laid down in Bakshish Singh (supra) to the effect that only in the event, leave without pay is directed to be granted while passing an order of punishment, the leave having been regularised the order of punishment G also becomes bad in law and void ab initio. While deciding Bakshish Singh (supra), this Court had not taken into consideration an earlier binding precedent in State of Madhya Pradesh v. Harihar Gopa/, (1969) SLR 274 (SC) wherein it has clearly been stated that such an order is passed only for the purpose of regularising the leave and thereby the effect of H punishment is not wiped out. In Maan Singh (supra), it was held that the , STA TE v. CHARANJIT SINGH 897 period of absence when treated as leave without pay, was with a view to A regularise the leave and not for condonation of misconduct. The submission of the learned counsel appearing for the respondent that since the respondent was under suspension, therefore there was no occasion for him to seek permission for leave, is also erroneous. The order B of suspension dated 24.11.1984 stipulated that the respondent shall remain present in Police Lines and will attend all the roll calls and parades and he was further ordered not to leave station without prior permission. In that view of the matter, the view taken by the courts below while decreeing the suit that since the respondent was under suspension he was C not required to take leave, is erroneous. For the aforesaid reasons, we find that the appeal deserves to succeed. It is allowed. The order and judgment under challenge is set aside. The suit filed by the respondent in the trial court shall stand dismissed. D Before parting with the case, we may, however, observe that from the Record of Proceedings dated 21.1.2002 it appears that the learned senior counsel appearing for the appellants' had suggested that the order of dismissal passed against the respondent herein be converted into an order of compulsory retirement. Learned counsel now appearing for the appellants, E however, states that he does not have any instruction in this behalf. Keeping in view the fact that at one point of time, a senior counsel appearing on behalf of the appellants had given the aforementioned suggestion, we are of the opinion that in fitness of the matter, the appellants may consider the same. R.P. Appeal allowed.